Ngati mukuganiza kuti kulimbana kwa amuna kuchotsa tsitsi kumaso ndi kwamakono, tili ndi nkhani kwa inu. Pali umboni wofukulidwa m'mabwinja kuti, mu Late Stone Age, amuna adametedwa ndi mwala, obsidian, kapena clamshell shards, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zipolopolo ngati ma tweezers. (Uwu.)
Pambuyo pake, amuna anayesa zoyezera zamkuwa, zamkuwa ndi chitsulo. Anthu olemera ayenera kuti anali ndi antchito ometa, pamene enafe tikanapita ku malo ometera. Ndipo, kuyambira ku Middle Ages, mwina munakayenderanso ometa ngati mukufuna opaleshoni, kutulutsa magazi, kapena kuchotsedwa mano. (Mbalame ziwiri, mwala umodzi.)

Posachedwapa, amuna amagwiritsa ntchito lumo lachitsulo lowongoka, lomwe limatchedwanso "kudula-pakhosi" chifukwa ... chabwino, chodziwikiratu. Mapangidwe ake ngati mpeni amatanthauza kuti amayenera kunoledwa ndi mwala kapena chingwe chachikopa, ndipo amafunikira luso lochulukirapo (osatchulapo ngati laser) kuti agwiritse ntchito.

KODI TINAYAMBA KUMETEZA CHIYANI?
Pazifukwa zambiri, zimawonekera. Anthu a ku Iguputo akale ankameta ndevu ndi mitu yawo mwina chifukwa cha kutentha ndipo mwina ankameta nsabwe. Ngakhale kuti kumeretsa tsitsi kumaonedwa kuti n’kulakwa, afarao (ngakhale akazi ena) ankavala ndevu zabodza potsanzira mulungu Osiris.

Kumeta pambuyo pake kunavomerezedwa ndi Agiriki mu ulamuliro wa Alexander Wamkulu. Mchitidwewu unalimbikitsidwa kwambiri monga njira yodzitetezera kwa asilikali, kulepheretsa adani kugwira ndevu zawo pomenyana ndi manja.

ZOCHITIKA ZOPHUNZITSA KAPENA FAUX PAS?
Amuna akhala ndi ubale waudani wachikondi ndi tsitsi la nkhope kuyambira pachiyambi. Kwa zaka zambiri, ndevu zakhala zikuwonedwa ngati zonyansa, zokongola, zofunikira zachipembedzo, chizindikiro cha mphamvu ndi kukongola, zonyansa kwambiri, kapena mawu andale.

Mpaka Alesandro Wamkulu, Agiriki Akale ankameta ndevu zawo panthawi ya maliro. Kumbali ina, anyamata achiroma cha m'ma 300 BC anali ndi phwando "lometa koyamba" kuti akondwerere uchikulire wawo, ndipo amangometa ndevu zawo ali akulira.

Cha m’nthaŵi ya Julius Caesar, amuna Achiroma anam’tsanzira pozula ndevu zawo, ndiyeno Hadrian, Mfumu ya Roma kuyambira 117 mpaka 138, anabwezeretsa ndevuzo m’kalembedwe.

Mapurezidenti 15 oyambirira a ku United States anali opanda ndevu (ngakhale kuti John Quincy Adams ndi Martin Van Buren ankasewera njuga zochititsa chidwi.) Kenako Abraham Lincoln, mwini wake wa ndevu zotchuka kwambiri m’mbiri yonse, anasankhidwa. Anayambitsa njira yatsopano—mapurezidenti ambiri amene anam’tsatira anali ndi tsitsi lakumaso, kufikira Woodrow Wilson mu 1913. Ndipo kuyambira pamenepo, apurezidenti athu onse akhala akumetedwa bwino. Ndipo chifukwa chiyani? Kumeta kwafika patali.